Chronic kidney disease predicts poor prognosis in patients with stable premature coronary artery disease

ObjectiveThis study was performed to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as its association with mid-term prognosis in patients with stable premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Chinese population.MethodsFive hundred and twelve patients from Jiangsu Province, China with stable, premature CAD were enrolled using an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to determine the presence of CKD. The patients were then monitored over a two-year follow up during which major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded and analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and eighty-three patients (35.74%) were determined to have CKD. Having CKD was associated with a higher ratio of type 2 diabetes mellitus, multi-vessel disease, higher levels of fasting blood sugar and lower levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (all P < 0.05). Patients with CKD had significantly higher incidences of composite MACEs than the non-CKD group at the end of the two- (45.35% vs 30.72%, P = 0.001) but not one-year follow up (30.64% vs 25.32%, P = 0.209). Furthermore, as eGFR decreased, more MACEs occurred (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that both CKD (P < 0.001) and multi-vessel disease (P < 0.001) are independent risk factors for MACEs.ConclusionChinese patients diagnosed with stable, premature CAD and CKD have more risk factors and worse two-year outcomes than those with only CAD.