RCT of mind reading as a component of a psychosocial treatment for high-functioning children with ASD

•MR yielded narrow emotion recognition gains as part of the summerMAX treatment.•Gains resulting from MR were evident on the proximal face-emotion measure only.•summerMAX without MR yielded significant gains for children with HFASD.

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of mind reading as a component of a comprehensive psychosocial treatment for 36 high-functioning children, ages 7–12 years with ASD (HFASD). All participants received the comprehensive 5-week summer treatment (summerMAX), with half randomly assigned to also receive mind reading (emotion-recognition) computer instruction as part of the treatment (summerMAX + MR). Primary analyses of proximal measures indicated significantly better performance on face emotion-recognition testing for the summerMAX + MR group (vs. summerMAX alone), and significant gains in voice emotion-recognition child testing and parent- and clinician-rated emotion recognition skills for the overall group, but no between-groups differences. Secondary analyses of distal measures indicated significant improvements on broader emotion-recognition child testing and parent and clinician ratings of program-targeted social/social-communication skills, broad social skills, and ASD-related symptoms for the overall group (summerMAX + MR and summerMAX combined) and no significant differences between the conditions (summerMAX + MR vs. summerMAX). Results suggested that mind reading may result in significant but narrow gains when included as part of this intensive psychosocial treatment for children with HFASD.