Miocardiopatía restrictiva

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is the rarest form of cardiomyopathy and must be included into the pathophysiology of diastolic dysfunction. Restriction leads to significant rise in left- and rightheart filling pressures causing a systemic and pulmonary venous congestion. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is characterized by normal-sized ventricles, marked biatrial dilation, diastolic restrictive pattern and normal or near normal systolic function. MCR shows very similar symptomatology and hemodynamic characteristics to chronic constrictive pericarditis, being necessary surgical exploration in some cases. It is an uncommon cardiomyopathy in the Western world, being amyloidosis and idiopathic cases the most frequent clinical entities. Clinical findings are nonspecific and usually resemble to those observed in heart failure. Occasionally, rhythm disturbances and severe arrhythmias are observed. Echocardiography is the diagnosis test of choice.