Heart failure patients with a lower educational level and better cognitive status benefit most from a self-management group programme

ObjectiveThe Chronic Disease Self-Management Programme (CDSMP)was recently evaluated among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) in a randomized controlled trial (n = 317) with twelve months of follow-up after the start of the programme. That trial demonstrated short-term improvements in cardiac-specific quality of life. The current study assessed which of the patients participating in this trial benefited most from the CDSMP with respect to cardiac-specific quality of life.MethodsSubgroup analyses were conducted using mixed-effects linear regression models to assess the relationship between patient characteristics and the effects of the CDSMP on cardiac-specific quality of life.ResultsIn the short term, patients with better cognitive status benefited more from the CDSMP than their poorer functioning counterparts. In addition, lower educated patients benefited more from the CDSMP than their higher educated counterparts during total follow-up.ConclusionSubgroup effects were found for cognitive status and educational level. Future research should be performed to validate current findings and further explore the conditions under which CHF patients may benefit more from the programme.Practice implicationsThese results indicate that lower educated patients, in particular, should be encouraged to participate in the CDSMP. In addition, healthcare practitioners are recommended to take into account potential cognitive impairments of patients.