Comparing the use of evidence and culture in targeted colorectal cancer communication for African Americans

ObjectiveThis study examined the effects (affective reactions, cognitive reactions and processing, perceived benefits and barriers and intent to screen) of targeted peripheral + evidential (PE) and peripheral + evidential + socio-cultural (PE + SC) colorectal cancer communications.MethodsThis study was a two-arm randomized control study of cancer communication effects on affective, cognitive processing, and behavioral outcomes over a 22-week intervention. There were 771 African American participants, 45–75 years, participating in the baseline survey related to CRC screening. Three follow-up interviews that assessed intervention effects on affective response to the publications, cognitive processing, and intent to obtain CRC screening were completed.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between PE and PE + SC intervention groups for affect, cognitive processing or intent to screen. However, there were significant interactions effects on outcome variables.ConclusionsThe advantages and disadvantages of PE + SC targeted cancer communications and implications of sex differences are considered.Practice implicationsWhile there do not appear to be significant differences in behavioral outcomes when using PE and PE + SC strategies, there appear to be subtle differences in affective and cognitive processing outcomes related to medical suspicion and ethnic identity, particularly as it relates to gender.