Determinants of adoption of cognitive behavioral interventions in a hospital setting: Example of a minimal-contact smoking cessation intervention for cardiology wards

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to identify the psychological and organizational determinants of adopting a smoking cessation intervention in cardiology wards, using the Integrated Change Model (I-Change Model) as the theoretical basis.MethodsA cross-sectional survey by means of questionnaires was conducted among the heads of all 121 cardiology wards in Dutch hospitals, of whom 77 (64%) responded.ResultsAdopters had a significantly lower level of formalization and more nurses working on the ward. Adopters also had a significantly more positive attitude towards working with the intervention, perceived more positive social influences from their direct environment and had higher self-efficacy. Psychological determinants explained adoption to a greater extent than organizational determinants did.ConclusionIt is very important to take psychological factors into account when studying the adoption of preventive innovations and developing diffusion strategies.Practice implicationsPrograms for dissemination of preventive innovations in a hospital setting should primarily focus on psychological characteristics like social influence and self-efficacy.