Prevención y seguimiento del cáncer de mama, según categorización de factores de riesgo y nivel de atención

Breast cancer risk factors are analyzed and classified in categories according to their risk level. Four categories are described: Category 1 corresponds to the general population risk, Category 2 to moderate risk (up to 2 times the risk), Category 3 to high risk (2 to 10 times the risk) and Category 4 corresponds to very high risk of developing breast cancer (more than 10 times). Follow-up and surveillance recommendations are established according to the risk category. Screening with mammography is analyzed considering their controversy, benefits and damages. Recommendations in terms of prevention are suggested that includes changes in life-style, several screening methods for breast cancer, chemoprevention, genetic assessment, genetic counsel and a variety of surgical risk-reduction options. Third prevention is described for breast cancer survivers with follow up and prevention recommendations as well as the management of late complications of treatments. In conclusion, it is possible to identify groups of women at high risk of breast cancer and carry out prevention strategies to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.