Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents

This article describes the circadian and homeostatic processes involved in the modulation of sleep and wakefulness. It defines the six currently identified primary circadian rhythm sleep disorders and the process for diagnosing each entity. It then focuses on the use of chronotherapy, phototherapy, and melatonin to treat delayed sleep phase syndrome, the circadian rhythm sleep disorder most commonly seen in children and adolescents.