High-Risk Clinical Presentations in Atherosclerotic Renovascular Disease: Prognosis and Response to Renal Artery Revascularization

This analysis supports guidelines citing flash pulmonary edema as an indication for renal artery revascularization in atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Patients presenting with a combination of rapidly declining kidney function and refractory hypertension also may benefit from revascularization and may represent a subgroup worthy of further investigation in more robust trials.