Functional Brainstem Changes in Response to Bladder Function Alteration Elicited by Surgical Reduction in Bladder Capacity: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Functional derangement in brainstem micturition centers can be evoked by bladder dysfunction. In response to bladder dysfunction the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray shows deactivation during bladder distention, suggesting that it has an important role in bladder dysfunction biofeedback.