Low-dose-rate Brachytherapy as Salvage Treatment of Local Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy

ObjectivesTo present our initial experience with brachytherapy used as a salvage procedure for local recurrence of prostate cancer in the prostatic fossa after radical prostatectomy.MethodsThe patients included 5 consecutive men who underwent brachytherapy as a salvage procedure after radical prostatectomy from December 2006 to March 2008. We used a technique of implanting the local recurrences similar to the American Brachytherapy Society Guidelines for implanting an intact prostate as definitive therapy.1 Two modifications were made related to the recurrence location: a rare need to manage urethral doses because the recurrence was typically perirectal, and more aggressive management of the dose to the rectum because of this proximity.ResultsAll patients tolerated the brachytherapy procedure well and showed a decline in the prostate-specific antigen level, with a median nadir of 0.72 ng/mL at a median follow-up of 13 months. The postprocedural symptoms were minor and included limited new-onset urgency. At the last follow-up visit, all patients had prostate-specific antigen doubling times, which have been associated with long median survival times.ConclusionsSalvage brachytherapy for biopsy-proven local recurrence of prostate cancer is a technically feasible alternative to external beam radiotherapy for local control of recurrences in the prostatic fossa in selected patients after radical prostatectomy.