Hysteroscopy and treatment of uterine polyps

•Office hysteroscopy with target-eyed biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps.•Endometrial polyp's removal has two main objectives: to resolve the symptomatology and to exclude neoplastic transformation.•Outpatient and inpatient techniques are available for hysteroscopic polypectomy.

This article summarizes and analyzes the salient topics on the diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps, focusing on the role of the hysteroscopy. Noninvasive investigations such as transvaginal ultrasonography, with or without the use of three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D US) and contrast techniques, remain the mainstay of first-line investigation. Hysteroscopic resection represents the gold standard minimally invasive treatment for endometrial polyps. It is the most effective management and allows histologic assessment, whereas blind biopsy or curettage have low diagnostic accuracy and should not be performed.