Link between metformin and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ pathway in the uterine tissue of hyperandrogenized prepubertal mice

Chronic hyperandrogenism alters the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) pathway in the uterine tissue of prepubertal mice. The gene and protein expression of PPARγ is not modified, but the gene and protein expression of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), an enzyme that synthesizes PPARγ ligands, is decreased. The antihyperglycemic drug metformin can prevent this adverse effect.