A differential cytokine expression profile is induced by highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone in a pre- and postovulatory mouse follicle culture model

ObjectiveTo compare the differential effects of highly purified (HP) hMG or recombinant FSH (rFSH) on cytokine expression before and after ovulation in an in vitro mouse ovarian follicle model.DesignA prospective laboratory in vitro study.SettingA university-based reproductive biology laboratory.Material(s)Mechanically isolated mouse preantral follicles from 14-day-old prepubertal mouse ovaries (F1 hybrids: C57BL/6JxCBA/ca).Intervention(s)Randomly distributed mouse early preantral follicles were exposed to two hyperstimulation conditions with either HP-hMG or rFSH. An ovulatory stimulus was given using hCG/epidermal growth factor. Conditioned media from the two culture conditions were collected on the days before and after in vitro ovulation. Conditioned media were compared for their relative cytokine profile content as measured by a cytokine antibody array analysis.Main Outcome Measure(s)Relative concentrations of 62 cytokines in conditioned media before and after ovulation.Result(s)Statistically significant increase in the production of a number of cytokines was found after HP-hMG stimulation compared with rFSH: 14 and 24 pre- and post-rhCG, respectively. Cytokines with the largest significant difference (more than 5 times) before and after ovulation included thymus-expressed cytokine (TECK), sTNFRI, and SDF-1α. The cytokines that are most strongly related to oocyte and embryo quality and implantation and that have been related to oocyte yield and maturation were significantly higher with HP-hMG.Conclusion(s)The significant differences in follicular cytokine production induced by HP-HMG and rFSH before and after in vitro ovulation might explain the difference in treatment outcome.