Lupus anticoagulant and antibodies to β2-glycoprotein I, annexin V, and cardiolipin as a cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion

The prevalence of lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin (ACA), anti-β2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI), and antiannexin V antibodies were determined in 200 recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients and 200 age-matched control women. ACA IgG was associated with early, while antiannexin V IgG and LAC were associated with late, and ACA IgG, antiannexin V IgG, and LAC were associated with combined early + late RSA, thereby recommending inclusion of their screening in RSA workout.