Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix: Case report and literature review

•A mesonephric adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor deriving from remnants of the Wolffian duct.•Challenging diagnosis since this tumor can mimic more common adenocarcinomas.•Immunohistochemistry can be helpful in questionable cases.•Rational to base treatment on current guidelines for adenocarcinoma until more data.•It seems mesonephric carcinomas carry a worse prognosis.

A mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a very rare tumor deriving from remnants of the mesonephric duct. Differential diagnosis from other cervical carcinomas is difficult and little is known regarding its biological behavior, prognosis, and the optimal management strategy. We present a case of a mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix with a comprehensive review of the existing literature. In this case a 66-year-old woman presented with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. She was diagnosed with a FIGO stage IIB mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix and treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and a Wertheim hysterectomy. The recovery from surgery was uneventful and the patient remains with no evidence of disease with 2 years of follow-up.