Laparoscopy and laparoscopic surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is an essential component of modern gynaecology. It has rapidly evolved from a simple diagnostic technique to a complex therapeutic surgical option for many gynaecological problems, both in emergency and elective settings. A sound knowledge of pelvic anatomy, equipment, entry methods and operative techniques is essential for safe and effective laparoscopy. Patient selection, pre-operative evaluation and counselling are important with good communication between surgeons, patients, anaesthetists and theatre staff. Application of optimal laparoscopic ergonomics will reduce risks to the surgeon. Prompt recognition and management of complications is vital with involvement of other surgical specialities when required. Regular training in minimal access surgery is essential to ensure safe and efficient laparoscopic surgery. A combination of operative experience in theatre and simulation learning is ideal.