Pelvic mass – diagnosis and management

The finding of a pelvic mass may present in a female of any age. All pelvic masses do not originate from the genital tract. This article presents the various age- and site-specific aetiologies. A pelvic mass may present with a wide spectrum of symptoms and not all will be symptomatic. Ultrasound is the least invasive and most cost-effective diagnostic tool. The role and accuracy of other imaging modalities are also described. Specific tumour markers and risk of malignancy indices will help to predict malignancy. Fortunately, most masses are associated with a benign pathology. Fibroids and ovarian neoplasms often present as a pelvic mass. This article provides up-to-date information on the diagnosis and management of these and other less common gynaecological conditions that present as a pelvic mass.