Síndrome miomatoso eritrocitario. Reporte de 2 casos

Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome is an uncommon entity that has rarely been reported in the literature. This syndrome develops in women with uterine myomatosis and erythrocytosis. There are several theories on the etiology of this entity, the most widely accepted being autonomous production of erythropoietin by the flat muscle cells of the tumor. The association between erythrocytosis and uterine myomatosis is supported by normalization of hematological parameters (hemoglobin and hematocrit) after tumoral extirpation in patients with this syndrome, as well as in published series. Case 1: A 53-year-old woman with an abdominal tumor and metrorrhagia. Laboratory findings: hemoglobin: 18.2 g/dl, % hematocrit: 57. 1%; abdominal-pelvic computed tomography: giant pelvic myomatosis. Surgical findings: 36 × 30 cm uterus, with a pediculated 10 × 10 tumor in the right lateral wall, weighing 6.350 kg. Histopathological analysis revealed giant uterine myomatosis. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values were normal at 4 weeks. Case 2: A 44-year-old woman with an abdominal tumor and polymenorrhea and hypermenorrhea. Laboratory findings: hemoglobin: 17.9 g/dL, % hematocrit: 53.1%; abdominal-pelvic computed tomography: giant uterine myomatosis. Surgery revealed a 32 × 25 cm uterus, with multiple pediculated tumors to the left lateral wall, with a total weight of 4.180 kg. Histopathological analysis revealed giant uterine myomatosis. Hematological results at 4 weeks were hemoglobin: 12.8 g/dl and hematocrit: 43%.