Term pregnancy with choriocarcinoma presenting as severe fetal anemia and postpartum hemorrhage

ObjectiveTerm pregnancy with choriocarcinoma is a rare condition that can be a serious health threat to both the mother and the fetus. We present a rare case of term pregnancy with choriocarcinoma presenting as severe fetal anemia and postpartum hemorrhage.Case ReportA 34-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 2, was admitted for profuse vaginal bleeding 2 weeks after cesarean delivery of a full-term anemic baby. Transvaginal sonography revealed a 4.7-cm × 10.6-cm heterogenous lesion in the endometrial cavity. Dilatation and curettage was done and a pathologic report revealed choriocarcinoma. Metastatic workup showed lung metastasis. The patient achieved remission after eight cycles of chemotherapy in the form of etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine. There was no evidence of recurrence in the subsequent 3 years of regular follow up.ConclusionAlthough fetomaternal hemorrhage is a rare form of presentation of choriocarcinoma, its presence should alert the physician to investigate the cause further. This chemotherapy regimen was effective in our case and the patient needed to be followed up carefully.