Combined brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: Reduced morbidity with an intraoperative brachytherapy planning technique and supplemental intensity-modulated radiation therapy

Adherence to dose constraints with combination real-time brachytherapy using real-time intraoperative planning and IMRT is associated with a low incidence of acute and late toxicities. Acute urinary side effects were signficantly less common for CM patients compared to those treated with implantation alone. Late Grade 2 rectal and urinary toxicities were more common for patients treated with CM compared to implant alone.