Cáncer de recto localmente avanzado. La necesidad de la superespecialización

We present a case, which due to its diagnostic and therapeutic connotations makes it especially educational, as it addresses the how, the who and where should the surgery be performed for locally advanced rectal cancer. It illustrates the diagnostic management and staging of rectal cancer at the present time. The case is approached in a multidisciplinary committee manner, and binds the various advances in surgery of rectal cancer in recent years (total mesorectal excision, laparoscopy, intraoperative radiotherapy, extended perineal resection, pelvic floor repair with prosthetic material). This serves to underline the view that there must be highly specialized institutions and groups dedicated to the treatment of this condition in order to centralize its health care.