| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40178 | Applied Catalysis A: General | 2014 | 6 Pages |
•A strong solid acid was prepared from peanut shell.•The structure of the solid acid was characterized in detail.•The functional groups on the solid acid were clearly revealed.•It exhibits excellent catalytic activity and recyclability in biodiesel production.
A strong Brønsted solid acid was synthesized by sulfonation of the partially carbonized agricultural biowaste peanut shell. The acidity of the Brønsted solid acid was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The characterization results show that sulfonation on the peanut shell carbon produces a carbon based solid acid containing three functional Brønsted acid sites: weak acidic OH groups, strong acidic COOH and SO3H groups. The acid strength of the solid acid is stronger than that of HZSM-5(Si/Al = 75), but still weaker than that of 100% H2SO4. The catalytic reaction tests indicate that this solid acid catalyst exhibits high activity and excellent recyclability for biodiesel production.
Graphical abstractA strong solid Brønsted acid was synthesized by sulfonation of the partially carbonized peanut shell. The structure and acidity of the solid acid were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and solid state NMR. The solid acid catalyst exhibits high activity in biodiesel production reaction and the spent solid acid can be recovered by easy operation.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (254 K)Download as PowerPoint slide
