(i) Registration techniques for computer navigation

SummaryMathematically, registration is a process to determine a geometrical transformation that aligns points in two frames of reference, so that the attributes associated with those points can be viewed and analyzed jointly. Clinically, registration is an important step in computer-assisted surgical navigation to correlate morphological information collected in different surgical stages, before, during and after the operation. This paper gives an overview of registration techniques as applied to computer-assisted surgical navigation for orthopaedic interventions. Challenges in quantifying registration accuracy are discussed, and emerging new registration techniques are presented.