Patellar Dislocation in Skeletally Immature Athletes

Patellar dislocations are common in skeletally immature athletes, with several anatomic factors placing athletes at risk of dislocation owing to the complex 3-dimensional motion of the patellar articulation. Although there is a paucity of prospective studies on patellar dislocations, the available evidence suggests significant redislocation rate and persistent knee dysfunction with nonoperative or operative treatment. Evaluation of the skeletally immature patient should consist of a detailed history and physical examination with radiologic testing and treatment protocols chosen judiciously. Surgical approaches should take into consideration physeal anatomy about the knee. Regardless of treatment protocol, all patients should undergo early physical therapy with gradual return to sport.