Peri-operative management of major spinal surgery

Paediatric and adult patients requiring major spinal surgery often have significant pre-existing medical co-morbidities as well as their presenting condition, be it deformity, infection, neoplasia or trauma. These patients require preoperative optimization as well meticulous surgical technique and knowledge of the possible intraoperative and postoperative complications to minimize potential morbidity and mortality, which can occur during or after major spinal surgery.