Surgical anatomy & pathology of the popliteal fossa

The requirement to use the posterior approach to the knee is uncommon, and many orthopaedic surgeons may not be familiar with the surgical anatomy. However, it is relatively common for a candidate in final professional examinations to be asked to describe the posterior approach to the knee joint, with reference to the relationship of major vessels and nerves. This article will cover the anatomy of the posterior knee and popliteal fossa, the surgical approach used and the common pathologies encountered in the posterior knee and popliteal fossa.