Shoulder arthroscopy, anatomy and variants - part 1

Arthroscopy is increasingly the modality of choice for interventional procedures in shoulder surgery. It is often learned after a basic grounding in knee arthroscopy, but the wide variation in normal anatomy and unfamiliarity with the 3D arrangement of the joint can easily confuse. This article therefore describes the technicalities of shoulder arthroscopy and introduces the many structures that are encountered. In part 1 we will discuss the indications for arthroscopy and the process of setting up and performing the procedure in a clinical setting, with useful concepts and technical tips. In part 2 we will move on to discuss the range of findings that can be encountered, both normal and pathological, as correct recognition is critical to safe subsequent management.