Degenerative lumbar instability

The degenerative process typically results in a stiff but stable lumbar spine; however, occasionally instability may result. The primary forms of degenerative lumbar instability are spondylolisthesis, which is a translation of a single vertebra over another or a more global degenerative scoliosis. All forms of lumbar instability can result in back pain and neural compression. Most forms of degeneration that result in instability are self-limited and can be treated through non-operative means; however, some forms may be progressive and significantly symptomatic so that patients will require surgery.