Techniques for the laryngology assistant: providing optimal visualization

Many laryngologic procedures require assistant-driven visualization to optimize the surgeon's movements. Expanding technology, such as distal chip and high definition endoscopy improves visualization of the larynx, whereas improved instrumentation, such as malleable needles and fiber-based laser systems allow for novel therapeutic access to laryngeal pathology. Combining these technologies through various approaches may uncouple or couple surgical instrumentation from the laryngoscope, varying the role and expectations of the assistant. This article describes the authors' methods for operationalizing assistant-driven visualization for laryngologic procedures.