Adjunctive techniques in facial paralysis

Facial paralysis continues to represent a challenging clinical problem without a single solution or approach. Multiple areas of cosmetic and functional deficits complicate a paralyzed face, and each requires a targeted approach for optimal rehabilitation. When prioritizing care in patients with facial paralysis, ocular protection, and oral competence remain the primary areas of concern. However, other accompanying problems, such nasal obstruction, lower lip asymmetry, and facial drooping also prominently contribute to the morbidity of patients with facial paralysis. This article addresses these commonly overlooked problems in facial paralysis and focuses on the surgical management of incompetent nasal valve, depressor muscle asymmetry, and facial ptosis.