Guía práctica para el diagnóstico de displasia y de carcinoma colorrectal en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

The important, significant increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the European population has led to the creation of multidisciplinary clinical units and guidelines for specific aspects of Pathology reporting. Recently we published guidelines for the interpretation of endoscopy biopsies in which there was a suspicion of IBD. However, pre-neoplastic diagnosis was not included and is explained here. The risk of colon carcinoma increases in IBD and epithelial dysplasia (ED) is the initial histological manifestation of neoplasia. Diagnosis, grading and control determine guidelines for screening and patient management. We have revised the following: definition of ED, macroscopic and microscopic classifications and their significance in the choice of treatment, the distinction between ED secondary to IBD and sporadic adenoma, the usefulness of immunohistochemistry in histological studies and the protocols for macroscopic examination of submucosal dissection specimens from endoscopy and colectomy during the surgical treatment of ED or carcinoma associated with IBD