The physiology of fluid management in preterm infants

SummaryFluid management of preterm infants can pose many problems. The main determinants of management rely on an estimation of the transepidermal water losses of the neonate; an awareness of glomerular filtration rate and how this can be influenced by age, respiratory distress and medical intervention; a knowledge of tubular function and its maturation; and the processes of postnatal adaptation. By the application of this knowledge and the use of appropriate monitoring, the fluid balance of most preterm infants can be managed appropriately.