Laparoscopy-assisted transanal pull-through at the time of suction rectal biopsy: a new approach to treating selected cases of Hirschsprung disease

AimWe present a new approach to treating selected cases of Hirschsprung disease (HD) where suction rectal biopsy (SRBx) is performed in an operating room, and rapid acetylcholinesterase staining (RAST) is used to identify histopathology within 20 minutes, allowing primary laparoscopy-assisted transanal pull-through (PLTPT) to be commenced “immediately” (n = 7).Materials and MethodsAll subjects had an obvious caliber change in the rectum/sigmoid colon on barium enema and were strongly suspected of having HD.ResultsRapid acetylcholinesterase staining clearly demonstrated acetylcholinesterase-positive hypertrophic nerve trunks and absence of ganglion cells in all SRBx specimens, indicating that all 7 patients had HD. All 7 proceeded to uneventful PLTPT. By taking this approach, SRBx results were available extremely quickly, and hospital stay was reduced by 2 to 4 days.DiscussionOur approach enhanced the treatment of selected cases of HD by proceeding immediately to PLTPT after SRBx specimens were examined using RAST.