Newer Modalities of Mechanical Ventilation in the Extremely Premature Infant

Recent advances in respiratory technology have introduced a number of newer modes of ventilation for use in the neonatal population. Being new, they create confusion and it is useful for clinicians to familiarise themselves with the newer types of ventilators and techniques. They are based on sound physiological principles, and if used correctly may have advantages in terms of reducing neonatal lung injury and improving outcomes in premature babies who require mechanical ventilation.