Toe walking, flat feet and bow legs, in-toeing and out-toeing

There is a range of normal development in the shape of children's feet and legs, as well as their pattern of walking. Deviations from parents' expectations of normal foot or leg shape or function are frequent triggers for medical consultation. These consultations require a clinical assessment with an awareness of the common variations of normal development and the less common but important pathologies such as rickets and neuromuscular diseases.