Psicoeducación, el litio de las psicoterapias Algunas consideraciones sobre su eficacia y su implementación en la práctica diaria*

The physician-patient relationship must evolve towards greater interactivity and the promotion of pro-activity. For such a purpose, it is indispensable to have therapeutic educational programs for patients. Prognosis of many non-psychiatric pathologies i.e., cardiopathies, breathing diseases, diabetes, asthma) clearly improves with such programs and the same happens with psychiatric pathologies, such as bipolar disorder. The first psycho-educational programs were focused on information, while current approaches have a much more therapeutic focus, including work on the disease significance, identifying personal triggers as well as prodromes, managing symptoms and overcoming problems of adherence to pharmaceutical drugs. Today, psycho-education is part of the routine of bipolar treatment, suitable to the physician's model. Psycho-education has likewise demonstrated its efficiency in the prophylaxis of all sorts of two and five-year relapses, remarkably reducing episode duration, hospitalizations and adherence problems. Besides, as time passes, its efficiency is maintained, something that does not occur with other sorts of psycho-therapies. Furthermore, its implementation saves health resources. However, this type of programs is recommended as soon as possible, in the course of the disease. This article introduces a series of evidences and practical considerations on the implementation of psycho-education, which in the bipolar disorder psychotherapy has the same role than lithium in pharmacotherapy.