Les maladies neuromusculaires aiguës

The two main neuromuscular diseases at risk of acute respiratory failure are the Guillain-Barré syndrome and autoimmune myasthenia gravis. The Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute polyradiculonevritis with three phases (installation, steady-state, regression). Autoimmune myasthenia gravis is responsible for neuromuscular junction blocage. The respiratory failure in these diseases comes from muscular weakness, cough failure and deglutition troubles. Knowledge of these specific situations, nasogastric tube, respiratory physiotherapy, mechanical ventilation, associated with immunomodulatory treatment prevent infectious complications and death from respiratory cause in these diseases.