Clinical impact of MRI perfusion disturbances and normal diffusion in acute stroke patients

PurposeIn acute ischemic stroke MR-imaging typically shows diffusion abnormalities surrounded by reduced perfusion signifying the so-called ischemic penumbra. Mismatch between diffusion and perfusion abnormalities gives indication for thrombolysis. But is there an indication for thrombolytic treatment, if there is no diffusion abnormality but pathologic perfusion combined with acute stroke symptoms?.Material and methodsMR-imaging of 1465 patients treated on our Stroke Unit between June 2004 and May 2007 retrospectively are analyzed. 6 patients met the inclusion criteria of severe neurological symptoms, large territorial perfusion disturbances, lack of diffusion abnormalities and complete neurological recovery after treatment.ResultsIn all six patients MTT measurements showed a significantly depressed perfusion in the symptomatic hemisphere (p < 0.02). Time-to-peak delay correlated with the mean transit time delay (0.949, p < 0.01). Indication for thrombolysis was based on perfusion abnormalities and clinical symptoms. Stroke symptoms could be reversed in all patients without any complication.ConclusionWhereas diffusion imaging could not reveal any abnormality, perfusion analysis legitimated therapy with systemic thrombolysis in heavily affected patients. This work underlines the importance of multimodal MR imaging for guiding treatment decisions in acute stroke patients.