A New HLA Allocation Procedure of Kidneys From Deceased Donors in the Current Era of Immunosuppression

•We analysed the results of the HLA DR matching system in a single transplant center.•The lowest rates of ARE occur in patients with no MM at the HLA DR locus and 0–1 MM at HLA A+B loci.•The best results for immunologic graft survival were observed in patients with no MM at the HLA DR locus and 0–1 MM at A+B loci.

IntroductionIt has recently been proposed to replace the current Eurotransplant kidney allocation based primarily on mismatches (MM) at the 3 HLA loci by a simpler system based on full HLA-DR compatibility. The present study analyzes this system in the current era of immunosuppression.MethodsFrom 1999 to 2012, 723 renal grafts were performed on 586 patients who were treated with a calcineurin inhibitor, mycophenolate mofetil, and in most cases antilymphocyte globulins. Four groups of HLA MM were compared: (A) A+B 2-4/DR 1-2 MM (n = 397), (B) A+B 2-4 MM/DR 0 MM (n = 106), (C) A+B 0-1 MM/DR 1-2 MM (n = 138), and (D) A+B 0-1/DR 0 MM (n = 82).ResultsAcute rejection episodes were less frequent during the first post-transplantation year in group D than in the other groups (P = .018). Patient survival was lower in group A than in the other groups (P = .008). Immunologic graft survival was higher in group D than in the other groups in univariate (P = .015) and multivariate analyses (P = .033; 96.4% vs 90.1% at 10 years).ConclusionsIn the current era of immunosuppression, allocation of kidneys from deceased donors could be performed primarily according to full DR compatibility then to the best A+B matching, affording excellent graft outcome to most recipients.