Angiomiolipoma renal: nuevas perspectivas

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML), responsible for 1-3% of all renal neoplasms, are benign tumours of mesenchymal origin composed of varying amounts of mature adipose tissue, smooth muscle, and dysmorphic blood vessels, which form part of the group of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms. They are usually asymptomatic, but the increase in the use of ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has increased their diagnosis and therefore their incidence. Although renal lesions with fat content mostly correspond to AML, it is important to make differential diagnosis with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and retroperitoneal liposarcoma; thus it is very important to recognise their typical imaging findings and the possible variants. New modalities in molecular biology have enable histological variants to be described, like epithelioid AML, which requires different management due to its malignancy potential. Advances in endovascular treatment have established risk criteria for bleeding and other complications.