| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4277177 | Urology Practice | 2015 | 5 Pages |
Abstract
The initial evaluation of azoospermia is primarily based on differentiating obstructive from nonobstructive etiologies with a substantial reliance on history, physical examination and screening laboratory studies. Various treatment options exist for obstructive azoospermia, including reproductive tract reconstruction (vasovasostomy or vasoepididymostomy) or numerous surgical sperm extraction approaches.
Keywords
hptCFTRTRTTRUSvasovasostomyPESAobstructive azoospermiaazoospermiatesticular sperm aspirationEjaculatory duct obstructionsperm retrievalTestisintracytoplasmic sperm injectiontesATestosterone replacement therapycystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatorTransrectal ultrasoundIn vitro fertilizationIVFEjaculatory ductsICSIInfertilityMalefollicle-stimulating hormoneFSHvasoepididymostomySeminal vesicleEDO
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Authors
Russell Hayden, Cigdem Tanrikut,