Splenic artery aneurysms: postembolization syndrome and surgical complications

BackgroundThis study assessed the endovascular embolization of splenic artery aneurysms and false aneurysms with special consideration given to postoperative complications.MethodsFifteen patients (11 women; mean age, 56 y; range, 39–80 y) with splenic artery aneurysm (n = 13) or false aneurysm (n = 2) were treated with coil embolization. The lesion was asymptomatic in 9 patients, symptomatic in 5 patients, and ruptured in 1 patient. The mean aneurysm diameter was 33 ± 23 mm (range, 15–80 mm). Postoperative follow-up evaluation included a clinical visit and spiral computed tomography at 1, 4, and 12 months, and yearly thereafter.ResultsEndovascular treatment was possible in 14 patients (93%) (1 failure: neck cannulation). Perioperative mortality was not observed. Morbidity included postembolization syndrome in 5 patients (30%). Neither pancreatitis nor spleen abscess occurred. The mean follow-up period was 36 months (range, 3–60 mo). During follow-up evaluation we detected 1 sac reperfusion that was sealed successfully with additional coils. Surgical conversion or open repair were never required.ConclusionsAt our institute, endovascular treatment represents the first-line treatment for splenic artery aneurysms. Postembolization syndrome and infarcts are common events but generally resolve without sequelae.