Electrophysiological properties of NG2+ cells: Matching physiological studies with gene expression profiles

•NG2+ cells display complex electrophysiological properties.•A rich complement of ion channels and receptors underlie these properties.•New RNA-Seq datasets allow a comprehensive analysis of NG2+ cell gene expression.•Diversity of ion channel and receptor expression declines as NG2+ cells differentiate.•Expression of ion channel and receptor genes makes NG2+ cells targets for many drugs.

NG2+ glial cells are a dynamic population of non-neuronal cells that give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. These cells express numerous ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors, which endow them with a complex electrophysiological profile that is unique among glial cells. Despite extensive analysis of the electrophysiological properties of these cells, relatively little was known about the molecular identity of the channels and receptors that they express. The generation of new RNA-Seq datasets for NG2+ cells has provided the means to explore how distinct genes contribute to the physiological properties of these progenitors. In this review, we systematically compare the results obtained through RNA-Seq transcriptional analysis of purified NG2+ cells to previous physiological and molecular studies of these cells to define the complement of ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors expressed by NG2+ cells in the mammalian brain and discuss the potential significance of the unique physiological properties of these cells.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:NG2-glia(Invited only).