| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4326129 | Brain Research | 2011 | 18 Pages |
Abstract
⺠Estrogens have trophic effects in the body and brain via different receptor targets. ⺠Trophic actions in uterus and mammary tumors occur through estrogen receptor (ER) α. ⺠Trophic actions in the hippocampus for affect and learning occur through ERβ. ⺠ERβ actions can be rapid, occur outside the nucleus, and involve histone signaling. ⺠This review challenges the maxim that steroids have slow, long-term, distal effects.
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Authors
Alicia A. Walf, Jason J. Paris, Madeline E. Rhodes, James W. Simpkins, Cheryl A. Frye,