Executive functions in recently postmenopausal women: Absence of strong association with serum gonadal steroids

► After menopause, serum gonadal steroid levels may be related to executive functions. ► We studied women after natural menopause, aged 56-64 years not using hormone therapy. ► Levels of estrone, free estradiol, and free testosterone were measured at baseline. ► Executive function tests were administered at baseline and repeated 2 years later. ► Most cross-sectional and longitudinal associations were not significant.