| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4345794 | Neuroscience Letters | 2010 | 5 Pages |
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the association between HTR1A, HTR2A and the 5-HTTLPR in panic disorder (PD) patients and controls. In addition, this study also aims to evaluate the interaction between these genes and two environmental factors previously associated with PD: childhood trauma and parental bonding.MethodsThis is a case–control candidate gene association study (107 PD patients and 125 controls). Genes were analyzed using a gene-based test in PLINK followed by single marker association tests and haplotype test only for genes that reached experiment-wide significance in the gene-based test in order to minimize multiple testing. Logistic regression was used to test the relationships between genotype in the additive model, trauma, optimal paternal parenting and optimal maternal parenting and their interactions.ResultsOnly HTR1A was associated with PD in gene-based test after correction for multiple tests (pcorrected = 0.027) and one HTR1A haplotype comprising four SNPs was associated with PD (pcorrected = 0.032). In the interaction analysis, no significant gene–environment interaction was found with the genes evaluated.ConclusionThis study reinforces the association between HTR1A and PD. No major evidence of gene–environment interaction in PD with parenting or trauma was found. Further studies are necessary in order to confirm these findings.
Research highlights▶ 5-HTTLPR has not been associated with PD in a meta-analysis, but no study has evaluated the embedded SNP (rs25531). ▶ Controversial findings have associated HTR1A and HTR2A to PD. ▶ No study have accounted for gene–environmental interaction for PD. ▶ HTR1A was associated with PD in this sample. ▶ No interaction between childhood experiences, serotonergic genes and adult PD was found.
