Maximizing the Production of Liquid Smoke from Bark of Durio by Studying its Potential Compounds

This research aims to seek for the prime condition to produce liquid smoke and analyze its components. Liquid smoke is a potential substrate as biopesticide for agriculture and wood preservatives. The process of maximizing the production of liquid smoke from the bark of Durio was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) while the process of identifying the compound of liquid smoke was by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. RSM used three variable designs as introduced by Box-Behnken including pyrolysis temperature at 350C, 400C and 450C, pyrolysis duration within 75, 90 and 105 minutes and moisture contents of 10%, 12.5% and 15% with 15 runs. Maximum production of liquid smoke was obtained at temperature of 421 C; 72.9 minutes and at moisture contents of 13.95% and the rendemen of production was 39.46%. Predominant component in liquid smoke was acetic acid and the other main components were methyl alcohol, 2-propanone,1-hydroxy (acetol), carbonyl derivatives, and phenol derivatives.