Ca2 + and OH− release of ceramsites containing anorthite and gehlenite prepared from waste lime mud

Lime mud is a kind of solid waste in the papermaking industry, which has been a source of serious environmental pollution. Ceramsites containing anorthite and gehlenite were prepared from lime mud and fly ash through the solid state reaction method at 1050°C. The objective of this study was to explore the efficiency of Ca2 + and OH− release and assess the phosphorus and copper ion removal performance of the ceramsites via batch experiments, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that Ca2 + and OH− were released from the ceramsites due to the dissolution of anorthite, gehlenite and available lime. It is also concluded that gehlenite had stronger capacity for Ca2 + and OH− release compared with anorthite. The Ca2 + release could be fit well by the Avrami kinetic model. Increases of porosity, dosage and temperature were associated with increases in the concentrations of Ca2 + and OH− released. Under different conditions, the ceramsites could maintain aqueous solutions in alkaline conditions (pH = 9.3–10.9) and the release of Ca2 + was not affected. The removal rates of phosphorus and copper ions were as high as 96.88% and 96.81%, respectively. The final pH values of both phosphorus and copper ions solutions changed slightly. The reuse of lime mud in the form of ceramsites is an effective strategy.

Graphical abstractCa2 + concentrations (a) and pH values (b) of the aqueous solutions with different ceramsites. (dosage = 4 g/200 mL, temperature = 25°C, initial pH = 6.45).Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide