Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
4468006 | Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology | 2009 | 9 Pages |
Cenozoic climate of western South America is strongly controlled by features like Andean uplift and the Humboldt Current. The first strontium isotope age data from central and southern Chile provide a latest Oligocene to late early Miocene age for classic warm-water mollusk faunas reaching as far south as 45°S. Comparison with the biogeography of congeneric living species indicates that sea surface temperatures off central and southern Chile during that time were at least 5 °C higher than today; i.e., minimum annual mean sea surface temperatures for Darwin's Navidad fauna at 34°S are estimated as 20 °C. As expected, the number of tropical taxa decreases towards the south but several are still present as far south as 45°S. The ages scatter relatively broadly between ~ 24 and ~ 16 Ma, partly even within individual localities. Shallow-water and deeper-water faunas are revealed to have similar ages. When considered in light of convincing micropaleontological evidence for late Miocene to early Pliocene depositional ages, the Sr isotope data support a hypothesis that the mollusk fauna is reworked.